Bouteba, Miriam (13 November 2017). "A guide to 25 years of European rave fashion". Red Bull . Retrieved 5 February 2020. Breakbeat hardcore a.k.a. "Oldskool Rave" – Acen, Altern-8, Keoki, The Brainstorm Crew, [106] Bobs and Sounds, The Chemical Brothers, Little Big, The Prodigy, Shades of Rhythm, Shut Up and Dance, Crystal Method, uberzone. Immediately after the Berlin Wall fell on 9 November 1989, free underground techno parties mushroomed in East Berlin. [78] According to East German DJ Paul van Dyk the techno-based rave scene was a major force in re-establishing social connections between East and West Germany during the unification period. [83] Soon the first techno clubs emerged in East Berlin such as the Tresor (est. 1991), the Planet (1991–1993), and the Bunker (1992–1996). [84] In Frankfurt, the Omen opened in 1988, which under its operator Sven Väth became the center of the scene in the Rhein-Main area in the following years. In 1990, the Babalu Club opened in Munich, introducing the concept of afterhours in Germany. [85]

In the late 1980s, rave culture began to filter through into North America from English expatriates and from US DJs who would visit Europe. However, rave culture's major expansion in North America is often credited to Frankie Bones, who after spinning a party in an aircraft hangar in England, helped organise some of the earliest American raves in the 1990s in New York City called "Storm Raves". Storm Raves had a consistent core audience, fostered by zines by fellow Storm DJ (and co-founder, with Adam X and Frankie Bones, of the US techno record store, Groove Records). Heather Heart held Under One Sky. Simultaneously in NYC, events were introducing electronic dance music to this city's dance scene. Between 1992 and 1994, promotional groups sprung up across the east coast.

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In the late 1990s, the venues Tresor and E-Werk (1993–1997) in Berlin, Omen (1988–1998) and Dorian Gray (1978–2000) in Frankfurt, Ultraschall (1994–2003), KW – Das Heizkraftwerk (1996–2003) and Natraj Temple (1996–2008) in Munich, as well as Stammheim (1994–2002) in Kassel, had established themselves as the most renowned techno clubs in Germany. [86] Featuring local San Diego DJs Jon Bishop, Steve Pagan, Alien Tom, Jeff Skot, Jon-e Thin, Paolo, Merlyn, Gmaxim, Tony Fiore, Damon and Mark E. Quark performed at these events. The events used large props and themes. The fairy and pixie craze, with ravers getting fairy tattoos and wearing fairy wings to parties was associated with the region. The percussive group Crash Worship was active here. Electro, glitch, techno, experimental hip hop& industrial hip hop – Flying Lotus, Juan Atkins, MARRS, Dopplereffekt, Egyptian Lover, Afrika Bambaataa, Techno Animal, Coldcut, The Glitch Mob& Kraftwerk

Downtempo and less dance oriented styles which are sometimes called chill-out music, that might be heard in a rave "chill-out" room or at a rave that plays slower electronic music includes: The Belgian rave scene and sound have their roots in the late 1980s Belgian EBM and New Beat scenes. I don't know about you but I NEED a fan at a rave or festival to help me survive the heat! It's instantly makes you come alive and feel revived! Pair it with a small spray bottle and you'll be QUEEN of the fest !!! Marijuana in the Rave Culture of the 90's". 6 February 2018. Archived from the original on 15 March 2019 . Retrieved 8 June 2018. However, disco dancers and ravers preferred different drugs. Whereas 1970s disco scene members preferred cocaine and the depressant/sedative Quaaludes, ravers preferred MDMA, 2C-B, amphetamine, and other pills. According to the FBI, raves are one of the most popular venues where club drugs are distributed, and as such feature a prominent drug subculture. [57] [58] Club drugs include MDMA (more commonly known as "ecstasy", "E" or "molly"), 2C-B (more commonly known as "nexus"), amphetamine (commonly referred to as "speed"), GHB (commonly referred to as "fantasy" or "liquid E"), cocaine (commonly referred to as "coke"), DMT, and LSD (commonly referred to as "lucy" or "acid"). [59] [60] [61] [62] [63]See also: Cybergoth, Rivethead, Phat pants, and Fluffy (footwear) Raver with feather boa in Germany (1998) Ertl, Christian (2010). Macht's den Krach leiser! Popkultur in München von 1945 bis heute [ Turn down the noise! Pop culture in Munich from 1945 to today] (in German). Allitera Verlag. ISBN 978-3-86906-100-9. a b Rodriguez, Krystal (5 August 2016). "Insomniac's Pasquale Rotella Avoids Jail Time in Los Angeles Coliseum Court Case". Vice . Retrieved 3 September 2019. a b Weir, Erica (June 2000). "Raves: a review of the culture, the drugs and the prevention of harm" (PDF). CMAJ. Canadian Medical Association. 162 (13): 1843–1848. eISSN 1488-2329. ISSN 0820-3946. LCCN 87039047. PMC 1231377. PMID 10906922. S2CID 10853457. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 June 2019 . Retrieved 17 August 2021.