See also: List of glaciers in Switzerland This illustration of the glacier systems of the Mont Blanc massif by Alexander Keith Johnston was first published 1848 in The Physical Atlas. During the Napoleonic Wars in the late 18th century and early 19th century, Napoleon annexed territory formerly controlled by the House of Habsburg, and the House of Savoy. In 1798, the Helvetic Republic was established, two years later an army across the Great St Bernard Pass. [121] In 1799 the Russian imperial military engaged the revolutionary French army in the Alps, this episode has been recorded as significant achievement in mountain warfare. [122] In October 1799 the troops commanded by Alexander Suvorov were surrounded in the Alps by much larger French troops. The Russian troops broke out, mauled the French troops, and retreated through the Panix Pass. [123]

The Australian Alps are important for conservation, recreation, and as a water drainage basin, with much of the range's eastern slopes having its runoff diverted artificially into the Murray River and its tributary the Murrumbidgee River through the civil engineering project of the Snowy Mountains Scheme. Mershman, Francis. "St. Maurice", The Catholic Encyclopedia, Vol. 10. New York City: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 6 March 2013 The Subalpine zone is the region that lies below the tree line. It is the most important region as it is the largest of the three and contains almost all human settlements as well as the productive areas. The forests are mainly composed of conifers above 1,200–1,400 meters, the deciduous tree forest is confined to lower elevations. The upper limit of the Subalpine zone is located at about 1,800 meters on the north side of the Alps and about 2,000 meters on the south side. It can, however, differ in some regions such as the Appenzell Alps (1,600 meters) or the Engadin valley (2,300 meters). Symbols shown on the map: Alps Ski Resorts, Mountain Peaks, Surf breaks, Alps Cities, Tide forecasts, All snow, city, surf, tide forecasts, Alps Current Temperature Observations, Current Wind Observations, Current Weather Observations, Alps Live Webcams, New snow f-cast 1-3 days top station, New snow f-cast 1-3 days mid station, Alps New snow f-cast 1-3 days bottom station, New snow f-cast 4-6 days top station, New snow f-cast 4-6 days mid station, Alps New snow f-cast 4-6 days bottom station, Temperature below freezing, Resort fully open, Alps Good piste, New snow reported, Powder reported, Alps Snowing right now, Sunny, Runs to resort. During the Gallic Wars in 58 BC Julius Caesar defeated the Helvetii. The Rhaetian continued to resist but their territory was eventually conquered when the Romans crossed the Danube valley and defeated the Brigantes. [113] The Romans built settlements in the Alps. In towns such as Aosta, Martigny, Lausanne, and Partenkirchen remains of villas, arenas, and temples have been discovered. [114] Christianity, feudalism, and Napoleonic wars [ edit ] Troops under Generalissimo Alexander Suvorov crossing the Alps in 1799, by Vasily Surikov Napoleon passing the Great St Bernard Pass, by Edouard CastresAnita Ericson, Österreich [Marco Polo travel guide], 13th edition, Marco Polo, Ostfildern (Germany), 2017, Pp. 21f.

Davos is one of the largest settlements in the Alps of Switzerland and is known for the World Economic Forum Davos (WEF Davos), which is usually held in Davos every year. Besides the super wellness hotels, the destination has one of the most unique and diverse landscapes in our country. From green and light blue lakes to great views over the mountains, waterfalls or traditional Walser villages, there is so much to discover here. All map types that you can enable here: Alps Colour Base Map, Greyscale Base Map,  , Alps Last 1-7 days snow, last 1-3 days snow, Next 1-3 days snow, Alps Next 4-6 days snow, Next 6-9 days snow, Next 9-12 days snow, Alps  , Snow, Wind, Alps Temperature, Cloud Cover,  , Alps Snow Depths at Top Stations, Snow Depths at all Resort Elevations, Fresh Snow Depths in Resorts, Alps Snow Depths at Resorts above 1500m, Snow Depths at Resorts below 1500m, Temperature at 9am today (or yesterday), Alps Days since last snow. Another great train line is the one from Andermatt to Disentis. For example the Matterhorn-Gotthard line takes you past countless tunnels, beautiful mountains and great Swiss villages. The highlight is when the train passes the Oberalp Pass with the large Oberalpsee. Unlike the Bernina Express and the Glacier Express, no reservations are necessary here. The three most beautiful hikes in the Swiss Alps Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference The Alps have been crossed for war and commerce, and by pilgrims, students and tourists. Crossing routes by road, train, or foot are known as passes, and usually consist of depressions in the mountains in which a valley leads from the plains and hilly pre-mountainous zones. [24]

3. Col de la Bonette - France

Cornelis van der Haven; Erika Kuijpers, eds. (2016). Battlefield Emotions 1500-1800: Practices, Experience, Imagination. Palgrave Macmillan UK. p.96. ISBN 9781137564900. The Alps are split into five climatic zones, each with different vegetation. The climate, plant life, and animal life vary among the different sections or zones of the mountains. The lowest zone is the colline zone, which exists between 500 and 1,000m (1,600 and 3,300ft), depending on the location. The montane zone extends from 800 to 1,700m (2,600 to 5,600ft), followed by the sub-Alpine zone from 1,600 to 2,400m (5,200 to 7,900ft). The Alpine zone, extending from tree line to the snow line, is followed by the glacial zone, which covers the glaciated areas of the mountain. Climatic conditions show variances within the same zones; for example, weather conditions at the head of a mountain valley, extending directly from the peaks, are colder and more severe than those at the mouth of a valley which tend to be less severe and receive less snowfall. [76] Climate change Shrinkage of snow cover duration, starting ~end of the 19th century [77] The Swiss Alps comprise almost all the highest mountains of the Alps, such as Dufourspitze (4,634 m), the Dom (4,545 m), the Liskamm (4,527 m), the Weisshorn (4,506 m) and the Matterhorn (4,478 m). The other following major summits can be found in this list of mountains of Switzerland. People have traditionally used the land here to make a living, with grassland in the valleys and hills perfect for farming and forests providing trees for woodworking. But these days a lot more money is made from tourists coming to sightsee, ski, walk and do other sports such as mountain biking and paragliding.

From the beginning of the 19th century, the tourism and mountaineering development of the Alps began. In the early years of the " golden age of alpinism" initially scientific activities were mixed with sport, for example by the physicist John Tyndall, with the first ascent of the Matterhorn by Edward Whymper being the highlight. In the later years, the " silver age of alpinism", the focus was on mountain sports and climbing. The first president of the Alpine Club, John Ball, is considered the discoverer of the Dolomites, which for decades were the focus of climbers like Paul Grohmann, Michael Innerkofler and Angelo Dibona. [144] [145] [146] The Nazis [ edit ] The Nazis hid looted art in salt mines at Altaussee, such as the Early Netherlandish Ghent Altarpiece which sustained significant damage.

Also Known As

Some of the highest peaks in the Alps, however, fall to one side or other of the main chain. These include: Additionally, the Alps have led to the creation of large lakes in Italy. For instance, the Sarca, the primary inflow of Lake Garda, originates in the Italian Alps. [71] The Italian Lakes are a popular tourist destination since the Roman Era for their mild climate. Roth, Philipe. (2007). Minerals first Discovered in Switzerland. Lausanne, CH: Museum of Geology. ISBN 978-3-9807561-8-1 Many people hike from “ Grindelwald First” to Bachalpsee. This hike is beautiful, but only a few know that another pearl awaits you on the other side in direction to the Grosse Scheidegg. Passing cows, green meadows and a permanent panorama over the Swiss Alps and their glaciers, you hike from Grindelwald First to Grosse Scheidegg in around 2 hours. You can return to Grindelwald by bus. Conclusion Kala, C.P. and Ratajc, P. 2012. "High altitude biodiversity of the Alps and the Himalayas: ethnobotany, plant distribution and conservation perspective". Biodiversity and Conservation, 21 (4): 1115–1126.

The Australian Alps have been classified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area. The range's montane forests and woodlands support large breeding populations of flame robins and pilotbirds. [6] Insects [ edit ]

Destinations

Viazzo, Pier Paolo. (1980). Upland Communities: Environment, Population and Social Structure in the Alps since the Sixteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-30663-8 See also: List of glaciers in Switzerland Lauterbrunnen Valley in the Bernese Alps, a deep U-shaped valley that resulted from erosion by glaciers a b Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopedia Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica; retrieved 6 August 2012. Allaby, Michael et al. The Encyclopedia of Earth. (2008). Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-25471-8