Jinn is an Arabic collective noun deriving from the Semitic root JNN ( Arabic: جَنّ / جُنّ, jann), whose primary meaning is 'to hide' or 'to adapt'. Some authors interpret the word to mean, literally, 'beings that are concealed from the senses'. [6] Cognates include the Arabic majnūn ( مَجْنُون, 'possessed' or, generally, 'insane'), jannah ( جَنَّة, 'garden', 'eden' or 'heaven'), and janīn ( جَنِين, 'embryo'). [7] Jinn is properly treated as a plural (however in Classical Arabic, may also appear as jānn, جَانّ), with the singular being jinnī ( جِنِّيّ). [b] Reynolds, Gabriel Said (2010). The Qur'an and its Biblical Subtext. Routledge. p.41. ISBN 978-1-135-15020-4.

Wikipedia Jinn - Wikipedia

Celia del Moral. Magia y Superstitión en los Manuscritos de Ocaña (Toledo). Siglos XIV-XV. Proceedings of the 20th Congress of the Union Européenne des Arabisants et Islamisants, Part Two; A. Fodor, ed. Budapest, 10–17 September 2000. pp.109–121 Javanese Muslims hold similar beliefs about the jinn as inhabiting lonely and haunted places, and the ability to possess or scare people who trample their homes or accidentally kill a related jinni. In some cases, jinn might even take revenge by inflicting physical damage. Muslims avoid hurting jinn by uttering "destur" (permission), before sprinkling hot water, so the jinn might leave the place. [42] [83] [20] (p 149) Some jinn guard graves and cause illness to people, who intend to disturb the graves. [84] Benevolent jinn are called jinn Islam, and they are pious and faithful, the other are called jinn kafir. While good jinn might even help a Muslim to do hard work and produce magical acts, [85] evil jinn follow the influence of devils ( shayatin).Celia E. Rothenberg Spirits of Palestine: Gender, Society, and Stories of the Jinn Rowman & Littlefield, 5 Nov 2004 ISBN 9781461741237 pp. 29-33 Bilu, Yoram. "The Moroccan Demon in Israel: The Case of 'Evil Spirit Disease.'" Ethos, vol. 8, no. 1, 1980, pp. 24–39. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/640134. Accessed 21 Apr. 2023. a b Cook, Michael (2000). The Koran: A very short introduction. Oxford University Press. pp. 46–47. ISBN 0-19-285344-9.

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Jinn are also regarded as assistants of soothsayers. Soothsayers reveal information from the past and present; the jinn can be a source of this information because their lifespans exceed those of humans. [122] Another way to subjugate them is by inserting a needle to their skin or dress. Since jinn are afraid of iron, they are unable to remove it with their own power. [123] Ruiz, Manuel. "The conception of authority in pre-Islamic Arabia: its legitimacy and origin." (1971). p. 20

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Ashqar, ʻUmar Sulaymān (1998). The World of the Jinn and Devils. Islamic Books. p.8 . Retrieved 13 March 2019. In fact, “Common Juniper” has one of the largest geographic range of any woody plant in the world. Occurring from Western Alaska throughout Canada and Northern USA, in coastal areas of Greenland, Iceland, throughout Europe and in Northern Asia and Japan. It was once widespread in Europe, except for some low-lying areas around the Mediterranean and it even occurs in small patches of North Africa. It’s amazing to think that juniper occurs at varying elevations and at its southernmost extent it has been recorded at altitudes of up to 3,500 metres. If this was a grape, wine makers would be going crazy over it. Given we all understand that soil, climate and growing conditions all affect grapes and that this has resulted in the term “terroir’ used to define wine regions, styles etc… why should it be so different in juniper bushes and as a result in gin? If you interested in this, an interesting Gin to seek out is Origin as it is available in 6 different varieties, where the juniper is the only thing to change as it has been selected from different terroirs. Thompson, S. (1955). Motif-Index of Folk-Literature. Vol.1–6 (rev.ed.). Bloomington, IL. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link) Moḥammad b. Maḥmūd (1966). Sotūda, M. (ed.). Ajāyeb al-makhlūqāt va gharā'eb al-mawjūdāt. Tehran, IR. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link)

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Abou El-Magd, Nadia (15 June 2000). "When the professor can't teach". Al-Ahram Weekly . Retrieved 14 March 2019– via arabworldbooks.com. Man glaubte, dass sich diese Gottheiten von Gott losgelöst haben und selbstständige Götter seien, die nicht von Allah, dem Hochgott, abhängig sind. Dabei stellte man sich auch eine Genealogie zwischen Gott und Geistwesen (ginn) vor. Bei den Arabern gab es also Götter und Göttinnen. Dies Dies zeigt, dass sie z.B. auch vom griechischen Götterkult beeinflusst worden sind, in der ja auch eine genealologische Beziehung zwischen den Göttern eine Rolle spielen und Götter und Göttinnen vorhanden sind. Diese Haltung ist laut Süleyman Ates eindeutig Vielgötterei. (...) Doch er weist auch darauf hin, dass der Mensch sich dadurch geistig erniedrigt."Peterson, Mark Allen (2007). "From Jinn to Genies: Intertextuality, media, and the making of global folklore". In Sherman, Sharon R.; Koven, Mikel J. (eds.). Folklore/Cinema: Popular film as vernacular culture. Logan, UT: Utah State University Press – via Utah State U. digital commons. Reynolds, Gabriel Said, "Angels", in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, THREE, Edited by: Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Everett Rowson. Consulted online on 06 October 2019 < http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_23204> sometimes Arabs use Jānn ( Arabic: جان) term for singular, jānn also referred to jinn world – another plural, snakes / serpents and another type of jinn a b Aloiane, Z.A. (1996). "Anthropomorphic representation of evil in Islam and some other traditions – a cross-cultural approach". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. Akadémiai Kiadó. 49 (3): 423–434. JSTOR 43391301. Oranges are a round, fleshy fruit encased by a bright orange peel. The fruit generally has 10 segments inside and is surrounded by a white tissue-like substance – its rind.

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Beefeater Gin, Marberg London Dry and Hayman's London Dry have an easily discernible orange note. While the taste of the fruit may not be abundant in the final spirit, Four Pillars Rare Dry Gin uses different varieties in combination for their recipe – in their case Valencia and navel oranges are both placed fresh and in their entirety in their steam basket. To date, the only examples of a gin using both dried and fresh orange peel at the same time in a gin is William Chase Elegant Crisp Gin and possibly (although needs further clarification from the distiller) V2C Dutch Dry Gin. The jinn are obligated to follow the divine law ( sharīʿa), as derived from the Quran by Muslim jurists ( faqīh). Thus, the jinn are considered, along with humans, to be mukallāf. The pairing of humans and jinn as subjects of God's judgement is settled in the Quranic phrase " al-ins wa-l-jinn" ("the humans and the jinn"). Both are created to "serve" (' abada) God (51:56), both are capable of righteous and evil deeds (11:119), both are divided into a community ( ummah). [57] Both procreate their kind by intercourse. [58] Rassool, G. Hussein (16 July 2015). Islamic Counselling: An Introduction to theory and practice. Routledge. p.58. ISBN 978-1-31744-125-0.

Orality and Textuality in the Iranian World: Patterns of Interaction Across the Centuries.(2015).Niederlande:Brill. p. 150 Visual representations of jinn appear in manuscripts and their existence is often implied in works of architecture by the presence of apotropaic devices like serpents, which were intended to ward off evil spirits. Lastly, King Solomon is illustrated very often with jinn as the commander of an army that included them.