These cow dung cakes are dried on the walls of houses in rural India. To dry these cakes, use the side of your home that gets the most sunlight. Typically, it takes 3-5 days for everything to dry completely. India, dry buffalo dung is used as fuel and it is sometimes a sacred practice to use cow dung fuel in some areas in India. Cow dung is known as "Gomaya" or "Komaya" in India. Dry animal dung cakes are called upla in Hindi. [9] Dungcakes at Village Bhraj, Sangrur District,Punjab After combining cow dung in a 20 to 30 percent ratio with potting soil, it can be used. After raking or tilling the soil, it can also be applied once a month to the top soil. Cow dung is a useful material made of indigestible plant matter that has been expelled from a cow’s intestine. Faeces, whether excreted by a human or animal, is normally not a subject of discussion; however, learning about the significance of cattle manure is still necessary. They are resourceful material that benefits us in many ways. When a resource that is so abundant and renewable is wasted, it is unfortunate. In this article, we will learn about several uses of cow dung cakes, as well as some of their major advantages. Introduction

a b c Isobel Julia Leslie (1989). The Perfect Wife: The Orthodox Hindu Woman according to the Strīdharmapaddhati of Tryambakayajvan. Oxford University South Asian Studies Series. Oxford University Press. pp.60–62. ISBN 978-0-19-562107-5.Egyptian cities and markets: What's behind a name? - Street Smart - Folk - Ahram Online". English.ahram.org.eg. 28 June 2012 . Retrieved 11 October 2012. Along with the above-mentioned types of businesses, various other business options are available related to cow dung. As the Indian government is supporting these types of small-scale business ideas, small business enthusiasts are also coming forward and giving pace to PM Modiji’s vision of Aatmnirbhar Bharat and Vocal for Local Initiative. In a Nutshell Cleaning the house with cow dung water is a ritual in India, often related to the material strategies or science of architecture. However, it creates a waterproof layer and protects the house from heat and misfortune. 3. Important Ingredients of Paper

Find sources: "Cow dung"– news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( March 2009) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Stewart, Gareth J.; Nelson, Beth S.; Acton, W. Joe F.; Vaughan, Adam R.; Hopkins, James R.; Yunus, Siti S. M.; Hewitt, C. Nicholas; Nemitz, Eiko; Mandal, Tuhin K.; Gadi, Ranu; Sahu, Lokesh K. (25 February 2021). "Comprehensive organic emission profiles, secondary organic aerosol production potential, and OH reactivity of domestic fuel combustion in Delhi, India". Environmental Science: Atmospheres. 1 (2): 104–117. doi: 10.1039/D0EA00009D. ISSN 2634-3606. Yes, cow dung makes soil fertile. It is an organic fertilizer that increases the nutrients in the soil. Bruce N, Perez-Padilla R, Albalak R. Indoor air pollution in developing countries: a major environmental and public health challenge. Bull World Health Organ. 2000; 78:1078–92. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar]As A Fertilizer: Cow manure is an excellent fertiliser since it is full of nutrients, including potassium, phosphate, and nitrogen. Additionally, it is a 100% organic, affordable fertiliser that is well known for being readily available. Utilizing cow dung manure aids in the soil’s texture and strength maintenance. For fertilisation, one can just spread it out evenly around the area, but there are a few considerations to make. The cow manure on the field should only be removed or added in the proper amount because it emits methane, a greenhouse gas. Additionally, cow dung cake eliminate undesirable insects and weeds and even increase the soil’s capacity to hold water. Cowpat - Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". merriam-webster.com . Retrieved 14 February 2015. Mlekuž, Dimitrij (2009). "The materiality of dung: the manipulation of dung in Neolithic Mediterranean caves". Documenta Praehistorica. 36: 219–225. doi: 10.4312/dp.36.14. ISSN 1854-2492. Dried cow manure is the best fuel. In many villages, manure from local cows is routinely gathered and dried for fuel. Indeed, even in North America, this is popular, and people gather the wastage of dairy animals as fertilizer. The biogas has 55% methane, 30% carbon dioxide, and other gases like hydrogen, nitrogen. You will get cow dung wood maker machines of different capacities in the market. Also, there is a variation in the price due to variations in capacity. This machine is easily available in the market. Cow dung wood machine Price

It’s one of the most attractive and unique cow dung business ideas. By doing a cow dung wood making business, you can easily earn Rs 10,000 in the initial months. Furthermore, you can give wings to your business and accelerate your profit to Rs 50,000 per month. The initial investment in the range of 20k-1.5 Lakh will be enough to commence this business. After running your business successfully for around 2 to 3 years, you can earn more than 2 lakh rupees monthly. Folks interested and enthusiastic about this innovative & organic business should know that the demand for wood prepared by using cow dung will witness an upward trend in the forthcoming period and people living in our country. Products made by using cow dung are good enough to become a source of revenue for small entrepreneurs involved in cow dung-based businesses. Also, this business belongs to the category of environment-friendly business ideas. Key Points Covered in the Blog a b Miller, Naomi (1 January 1984). "The use of dung as fuel: an ethnographic example and an archaeological application | Naomi Miller". Paléorient. Academia.edu. 10 (2): 71–79. doi: 10.3406/paleo.1984.941 . Retrieved 11 October 2012. Human feces can in principle also be dried and used as a fuel source if they are collected in a type of dry toilet, for example an incinerating toilet. Since 2011, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation is supporting the development of such toilets as part of their "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge" to promote safer, more effective ways to treat human excreta. [3] The omni-processor is another example of using human feces contained in fecal sludge or sewage sludge as a fuel source. In several cultures, cow dung is traditionally used to coat floors and walls. In parts of Africa, floors of rural huts are smeared with cow dung: this is believed to improve interior hygiene and repel insects. [7] [8] This practice has various names, such as "ukusinda" in Xhosa, [9] and "gwaya" in Ruruuli-Lunyala. [10] In most urban areas in India, cow dung is not the preferred method of cooking, but in the Hindu religion it is used in fires for religious rituals such as the purification of a house or a house-warming ceremony. Since cows are considered to be holy by Hindus, their dung is also sacred.Cow dung cakes are used in Yojas and Homas in India, also known as Agnihotra. The cow cakes are anti-pollutant and have anti-radiation properties, so the burning of cow dung during the Homas also purifies the air. Van Reyk DM, Dean RT. The iron-selective chelator desferal can reduce chelated copper. Free Radic Res. 1996; 24:55–60. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] In this study we measured PM oxidative activity using an in vitro screening procedure that assessed the capacity of PM associated pro-oxidant components (metals and quinones) to deplete physiologically relevant antioxidants, ascorbate, urate and reduced glutathione from a synthetic model of the RTLF [ 21, 22]. This 'intrinsic' activity, measured in a cell free system, only reflects the oxidative activity attributable to redox active metals and quinone compounds and not 'latent' activities that may be associated with PAHs or endotoxin. With this caveat, we found PM samples derived from the combustion of dung cake to be significantly more active, on an equal mass basis, than either metal-rich ROFA or PAH-rich vehicle exhaust PM, despite the greater surface area of these samples. This activity was manifest by the capacity of the PM suspensions to deplete both AA and GSH from synthetic RTLF. Notably, the endotoxin and PAH content of dung cake and other biofuels have been shown to be high [ 24, 30] suggesting that their 'total' oxidative activity is likely to be far in excess of that associated with traffic derived PM. This very high oxidative activity in animal dung combustion particles supports studies demonstrating increased pulmonary toxicity in mice following instillation of particles derived from dried municipal sewage combustion, relative to coal alone [ 31]. France in Maison du Marais poitevin in Coulon there is a demonstration of traditional usage of dry dung fuel. In addition, cow dung is high in minerals such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, all of which are essential for healthy plant growth. When these minerals are added to soil, they can help improve the nutrient content of the soil and promote better plant growth. Improves Soil Fertility

Cow dung contains three prime nutrients that plants require and that’s the biggest benefit of using it for plant growth. Read more about the benefits of using cow dung cakes for plants below: -

Similarly, cow dung is avoided for its foul smell but is again used in various prayer rituals like havan. It is reasonable and cheaper to use cow dung cakes to reduce soil deterioration brought on by excessive chemical fertilizers, which can change the bacterial diversity and community structure of soils