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THE GEMSTONE BOOK Gemstones, Organic Substances & Artificial Products — Terminology & Classification (PDF). The World Jewellery Confideration (CIBJO). 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 12, 2012 . Retrieved June 27, 2012. Copper silicate grows in the monoclinic crystal system, but usually showing no crystal form and instead this mushroom-like appearance. Gilalite is green to greenish-blue. An uncommon inclusion and nice examples can fetch a premium. Arsenic, Metals, Fibres and Dusts. A Review of Human Carcinogens (PDF) (100Ced.). International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2012. pp.355–397. ISBN 978-92-832-1320-8 . Retrieved 27 November 2019.
Augosto Castellani (famous Italian 19th century jeweler) (1871), Gems, Notes and Extracts, p. 34, London, Bell and Daldy, ISBN 1-141-06174-0. Pliny says about amethysts: "The falsehoods of the magicians would persuade us that these stones are preventive of inebriety, and that it is from this that they have derived their name." See Chapter 40 of Book 37 of Pliny the Elder's The Natural History. Quartz is a hard, crystalline mineral composed of silica ( silicon dioxide). The atoms are linked in a continuous framework of SiO 4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO 2. Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust, behind feldspar. [10] Citrine was first appreciated as a golden-yellow gemstone in Greece between 300 and 150BC, during the Hellenistic Age. Yellow quartz was used prior to that to decorate jewelry and tools but it was not highly sought after. [59] Milky quartz [ edit ]Due to the abundance of quartz it isn’t among the most valuable stones even in fine quality. However, to collectors and now some modern jewellery retailers, quartz with inclusions can command a premium, especially if the quartz is encapsulating rare minerals, which may only form as smaller crystals, for example, dumortierite. a b Oldershaw, Cally (2003). Firefly Guide to Gems. Firefly Books. pp. 100. ISBN 9781552978146 . Retrieved 19 February 2017.
Jahns, Richard H. (1953). "The genesis of pegmatites: I. Occurrence and origin of giant crystals". American Mineralogist. 38 (7–8): 563–598 . Retrieved 7 April 2021. Lattice: hexagonal, piezoelectric, may be triboluminescent, chiral (hence optically active if not racemic)As with the picture above, other minerals can be seen overgrowing the calcite, however the form of the crystal is still visible. Reddish rutile is seen intersecting the calcite in this example. Quartz Inclusions: Dumortierite Tarr, W. A (1929). "Doubly terminated quartz crystals occurring in gypsum". American Mineralogist. 14 (1): 19–25 . Retrieved 7 April 2021. Citrine is a variety of quartz whose color ranges from pale yellow to brown due to a submicroscopic distribution of colloidal ferric hydroxide impurities. [56] Natural citrines are rare; most commercial citrines are heat-treated amethysts or smoky quartzes. However, a heat-treated amethyst will have small lines in the crystal, as opposed to a natural citrine's cloudy or smoky appearance. It is nearly impossible to differentiate between cut citrine and yellow topaz visually, but they differ in hardness. Brazil is the leading producer of citrine, with much of its production coming from the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The name is derived from the Latin word citrina which means "yellow" and is also the origin of the word " citron". Sometimes citrine and amethyst can be found together in the same crystal, which is then referred to as ametrine. [57] Citrine has been referred to as the "merchant's stone" or "money stone", due to a superstition that it would bring prosperity. [58]
An epigram by Plato the Younger also mentions amethyst in connection with drinking: "The stone is an amethyst; but I, the tipler Dionysus, say, "Let it either persuade me to be sober, or let it learn to get drunk." See George Burges et al., The Greek Anthology,... (London, England: George Bell and Sons, 1881), p. 369. Quartz Gemstone and Jewelry Information: Natural Quartz – GemSelect". www.gemselect.com. Archived from the original on 29 August 2017 . Retrieved 29 August 2017.Amethyst Jewelry and Gemstones Information - International Gem Society IGS". gemsociety.org . Retrieved October 3, 2014. Blue Quartz can help open up your mind and encourage communication and connection with your ethereal guardians. known as Prasiolite or " Green Amethyst" is also produced by heating Amethyst from specific localities. Yang, K. H.; Yun, S. H.; Lee, J. D. (2001). "A fluid inclusion study of an amethyst deposit in the Cretaceous Kyongsang Basin, South Korea". Mineralogical Magazine. 65 (4): 477–487. Bibcode: 2001MinM...65..477Y. doi: 10.1180/002646101750377515. S2CID 129368598 . Retrieved April 20, 2021.
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